1. Therapist Support
  2. MFT programs
  3. Alliant International University (CSPP)

San Diego, Irvine, Los Angeles/Alhambra, Sacramento, Online

Alliant International University (CSPP)

M.A. in Marital and Family Therapy · PsyD in Marital and Family Therapy · PhD in Marital and Family Therapy, in San Diego, Irvine, Los Angeles/Alhambra, Sacramento, Online. What the program publishes about itself, what its accreditation means for where you can practice, and what students and graduates say in public.

CaliforniaCOAMFTE accredited

In short

Is Alliant's MFT worth $1,463 a unit?

Per-unit cost, COAMFTE accreditation and four forum threads, in one place

$1,463 a unit
$1,463 a unitpublished tuition, 2026-27
COAMFTEyes
FormatOn-campus and fully online (synchr
Discussion found4 threads

What this program actually is

OrientationSystemic / relational couple and family therapy — explicitly model-based, taught as an integration of the major schools of family therapy

Alliant's Couple and Family Therapy program is one program run in five places — San Diego, Irvine, Los Angeles, Sacramento and Online — and the 2025–26 program manual states flatly that all five "share the same curriculum, degree requirements, policies, and procedures." What the manual does not say, and what the COAMFTE-required disclosure data does, is how lopsided the five are. Entering MA cohorts on the ground run 13 to 43 students per campus per year; the online branch enrolled 111 to 190 per year over the same period. So the modal Alliant MFT student is an online student in a cohort roughly ten times the size of the Sacramento or Irvine class. The same disclosures show the tradeoff honestly: on-ground graduation-in-advertised-time rates run 55–95% depending on campus and year, the online rate runs 48–69%, while licensure rates sit at 87–100% across all of them.

The thing that most concretely distinguishes an Alliant trainee from a graduate of a BBS-only California program is COAMFTE accreditation, which the MA and PsyD hold and the PhD is still seeking. Because of it, the practicum requires 300 direct client contact hours of which at least 150 must be relational — couples or families, not individuals — plus 100 hours of supervision, at least 50 of it based on direct observation or audio/video recording. California's BBS imposes no relational-hours floor, so this shapes the caseload you have to negotiate for and the sites that will work. Alliant tells students to watch the ratio and keep relational-to-individual hours near 1:1. The systemic identity is not just accreditation paperwork, either: past CFT faculty included Jay Haley, James Framo, Virginia Satir, Carl Whitaker and Ivan Boszormenyi-Nagy, and Susan Johnson, who developed Emotionally Focused Therapy, is currently affiliated with the program. The curriculum reflects it — two semesters of systemic theory, each paired with a separate one-unit skills lab as a co-requisite (63120 with 63130, then 63220 with 63230), with the second semester moving into postmodernism and social constructionism plus "several empirically based models that private and public agencies are using across the state of California."

The criticism is real and worth stating with numbers rather than adjectives. Alliant converted from nonprofit to a for-profit benefit corporation in February 2015 under Arist Education System, a Bertelsmann subsidiary, and rebranded as "Alliant University" in January 2026. On-ground MA tuition is $1,463 per unit for 2026–27 and online is $1,135 — 60 units works out to roughly $87,800 on campus and $68,100 online, which is the reverse of USC, where both modalities cost the same. Federal College Scorecard data for Alliant–San Diego master's completers in the mental-health-services field show median federal graduate loan debt of $107,070 against median earnings of $53,383 one year after graduating. Student reviews are genuinely split, and the split is informative: the MFT-specific reviews on GradReports are positive ("the professors seem to care a lot... extremely culturally diverse and social justice oriented"), while the most damning reviews on that same page come from other Alliant programs — Clinical Counseling, School Psychology, Education — calling the school a "degree mill" with "minimal to nonexistent" instruction. If you are evaluating this program, do not average those together; they are describing different departments.

The program’s own page →

See it and hear it

Marriage and Family Therapy: MFT Programs to Help Make an Impact - Alliant Intl UniversityAlliant lays out how its MFT programs are structured across California campuses and what graduates go on to do.Alliant University · on YouTube · nothing loads from YouTube until you press play
The front entrance of Alliant's San Diego campus, with the library facade behind — the largest of the four on-ground CFT sites, though the online branch enrolls several times as many MA students.
The front entrance of Alliant's San Diego campus, with the library facade behind — the largest of the four on-ground CFT sites, though the online branch enrolls several times as many MA students. Photo by Ryan Casey Aguinaldo, via Wikimedia Commons · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Commons

The courses that define it

Every California program teaches law and ethics, assessment and a survey of theories. These are the courses that are not on every list — the ones that tell you what this particular faculty believes therapy is. The quoted text is the catalog’s own; the note underneath each one is mine.

PSY63130 / PSY632301 + 1 units

MFT Techniques Lab I and II

Lab I: "An introduction to communication processes which are fundamental to interviewing and psychotherapy of couples and families. Includes skills such as empathy, listening, question-asking, probes, enactments, assessment of clients from an individual and systemic perspective and treatment planning..." Lab II: "An intensive lab focused on fundamental and advanced family therapy skills."catalog ↗

Why it is worth noticingThese are co-requisites, not electives: you cannot take the theory course without simultaneously taking the lab that drills the corresponding skills. Splitting technique out into its own graded 1-unit lab twice in the first year is unusual — most California programs fold role-play into the theory course and hope it happens.

PSY636003 units

Preparing for Community Practice

"A preparation and screening for community-based field training designed to facilitate integration of foundational conceptual, perceptual, executive, evaluative, and professional skills... This course utilizes clinical role-plays to assist in preparing for field training including systemic clinical assessment and collaborative, systemic treatment planning. Topics include public service delivery and support systems, case management, wraparound services, and interdisciplinary relations."catalog ↗

Why it is worth noticingNote the word "screening." This is an explicit gate — you must pass it before you may start practicum — and its content (wraparound services, case management, interdisciplinary relations) tells you the program expects most graduates to land in public and community mental health, not private practice.

PSY736003, 3, 3 units

MFT Practicum

"The practicum program requires 300 hours of direct client contact, 150 of which must be with couples or families; students receive 100 hours of individual and group supervision, at least 50 hours of which are based on direct observation, videotape or audiotape. Students must be enrolled in a practicum course until all hour requirements are complete."catalog ↗

Why it is worth noticingThe 150 relational hours and 50 hours of raw-data (recorded or live-observed) supervision are COAMFTE requirements that California's BBS does not impose. They make the degree portable to other states and they make your training more observable — but they also constrain which sites can host you, because the site has to be able to feed you couples and families and permit recording.

PSY632203 units

MFT Theories and Techniques II

"This course covers philosophical concepts of postmodernism and social constructionism, examines the role of theory in philosophy, politics, epistemology, empirical investigation, and conceptual frameworks. In addition, the student will become very familiar with several empirically based models that private and public agencies are using across the state of California."catalog ↗

Why it is worth noticingThe second half of that description is the practical one: this is where you learn the specific evidence-based models California county agencies actually contract for, which is the difference between being hireable at a community mental health agency and having to be trained from scratch.

PSY632603 units

Diversity and the Family

"Examines diversity in the family including issues of ethnicity, race, religion, gender, gender-roles, sexual orientation, and social class. Blends systemic theory, research and practice, as students learn to work with diversity issues in families and with families having differing cultures, values, and needs."catalog ↗

Why it is worth noticingThis is a practicum prerequisite, not a later elective — you cannot see clients until you have passed it, along with law and ethics, psychopathology, both theory courses and both labs. That sequencing is a deliberate statement about what the program considers foundational.

PSY733003 units

Chemical Dependency and the Family

"Examines definitions of chemical dependency relative to the family. Discussion of etiology, medical aspects, evaluation of the family and treatment approaches, legal aspects, special populations, community resources and referral processes."catalog ↗

Why it is worth noticingThis is the anchor of an embedded Chemical Dependency concentration that carries CAADE accreditation and adds no extra coursework or hours — you satisfy it by choosing a practicum site (residential or intensive outpatient) where at least 250 of your 300 required client hours involve addiction. A specialization paid for with placement choice rather than tuition is rare.

The whole degree, term by term

What you would actually take, in the order you would take it. Sequences change; check the current catalog before you count on any single term.

Cohort model, six semesters over two full years (part-time plans run 3–4 years; the maximum time limit is 5 years). All campuses and the online branch follow the same Master Plan of Study. Fall and spring semesters are 15 weeks, summers 10 weeks. 57 core units plus one 3-unit elective; graduation also requires passing a comprehensive exam in May of the second year and logging 50 professional development hours, up to 25 of which may be personal therapy. course sequence ↗

60 (57 core + 3 elective)units in total

Year 1 — Fall (13 units)
  1. PSY63100 MFT Law & Ethics (3)
  2. PSY63120 MFT Theories & Techniques I (3)
  3. PSY63130 MFT Techniques Lab I (1)
  4. PSY63173 Parent-Child Therapy (3)
  5. PSY63260 Diversity & the Family (3)
5 courses
Year 1 — Spring (13 units)
  1. PSY63110 Introduction to Psychopathology (3)
  2. PSY63220 MFT Theories & Techniques II (3)
  3. PSY63230 MFT Techniques Lab II (1)
  4. PSY63600 Preparing for Community Practice (3)
  5. PSY73110 Couples Therapy (3)
5 courses
Year 1 — Summer (9 units)
  1. PSY63030 Group Therapy (3)
  2. PSY63280 Individual & Family Life Cycle (3)
  3. PSY73600 MFT Practicum (3) OR elective (3)
3 courses
Year 2 — Fall (9 units)
  1. PSY63250 Trauma & Crisis Intervention (3)
  2. PSY73300 Chemical Dependency and the Family (3)
  3. PSY73600 MFT Practicum (3)
3 courses
Year 2 — Spring (9 units)
  1. PSY73020 MFT Research Methods (3)
  2. PSY73140 MFT Assessment (3)
  3. PSY73600 MFT Practicum (3)
  4. Comprehensive exam (May)
4 courses
Year 2 — Summer (7 units)
  1. PSY67562 Psychopharmacology (2)
  2. PSY73120 Sex Therapy (2)
  3. PSY73600 MFT Practicum (3) OR elective (3)
3 courses

How practicum actually works

Californian clinical training runs in two legally distinct stages, and the difference decides what a program can and cannot do for you.

A trainee is a student. You see clients while still enrolled, at a site your program approves, supervised by someone the site provides. This is practicum, and it is the stage a program controls. An associate — registered with the Board after you graduate — is no longer a student, is usually paid, and is working toward the 3,000 hours the license requires. The Board renamed this stage from “intern” to “associate” in 2018, so any page still saying “MFT intern” is quoting something out of date.

Hours you bank as a trainee count toward the 3,000, up to a limit, which is why the size and quality of a program’s placement matters long after graduation: a student who leaves with 1,000 hours starts the associate years a third of the way through them, and one who leaves with the 225-hour minimum starts at the beginning.

Practicum is also where a degree most often stops being on schedule. Coursework runs on a calendar the school controls; placement does not. The questions that matter are therefore all about who owns the problem of finding you a site — and the answer differs enormously between programs on this list.

What happens after the degree →

You apply, with the school’s help

There is an approved-site list and real support, and the seat is still yours to win. Most programs are here and most students manage it. Ask for last year’s numbers rather than the policy: how many students placed on the first round, and how many had to extend.

As a student of the CFT program, you are fully responsible in securing your practicum site. the school’s own page →
StartsThree consecutive semesters, beginning either the first summer or the second fall depending on when you secure a site. You must pass PSY63100, 63110, 63120, 63130, 63220, 63230, 63260 and 63600 first — the program tells you to start the site search at least three months out and no later than the spring of your first year.
Hours required300 direct client contact hours, of which at least 150 must be relational (couples or families); 100 hours of supervision, at least 50 based on direct observation or recording. Benchmarks are 50 clinical hours in semester one, 125 in semester two, 125 in semester three. Separately, 50 professional development hours are required, up to 25 of which may be your own therapy with a fully licensed clinician who is not Alliant core faculty. Alliant estimates about 20 hours a week at the site, and says the practicum year can yield 600 to 1,300 hours toward the BBS 3,000.
In-house clinicNone named in current materials. The 2025–26 program manual describes students "working in one of several community-based clinics with client families," but the clinical training manual is unambiguous that securing the site is the student's job; certain agencies near each campus have standing agreements with the university.

The Clinical Training Manual states it plainly: "As a student of the CFT program, you are fully responsible in securing your practicum site." Each campus has a Clinical Training Coordinator who approves sites and hours, and there is an approved-site list plus a Practicum Site Qualification Checklist, but you interview and get hired. Final approval requires malpractice insurance, current AAMFT membership, a signed agency agreement from all parties, and a signed acknowledgement of the manual — missing any one gets you dropped from PSY73600. Supervision is doubled up: weekly face-to-face (Zoom for online students) with an Alliant faculty member in the practicum class, plus weekly supervision from your on-site supervisor. A critical constraint for online students: "You must obtain a site in the State in which you reside, even if that site is telehealth. Your site and your clients must be located in your State of current residence." source ↗

Will this degree travel

COAMFTE accredited

This is the accreditation that decides whether the degree travels. 12 of the 78 institutions on the Board’s list hold it, and this is one of them.

It matters most if there is any chance you will practice outside California. It matters less inside California, where a regionally-accredited, Board-listed degree is sufficient.

What the Board requires of any qualifying degree →

What it is, on paper

DegreeM.A. in Marital and Family Therapy · PsyD in Marital and Family Therapy · PhD in Marital and Family Therapy
UnitsMA: 60 credits. PsyD/PhD: page cites '69-unit and 114-unit' options — not cleanly attributable, left unverified.
LengthMA: minimum 2 years (6 semesters or 13 terms)
FormatOn-campus and fully online (synchronous + asynchronous)
Also LPCCYes
Published tuition$1,463 a unit 2026-27

300 direct client contact hours, 100 supervision hours; largest COAMFTE footprint in CA

The program’s own page →

What it costs

The figure below is the institution’s own, from its own page, with the year it applies to. Multiply the per-unit rate by the actual unit count and add campus fees before comparing it with anything.

$1,463 a unit 2026-27source

What a month costs to live on while you study →

Getting in

Admissions testthe school does not say
Minimum GPA3.0
Cohort sizeFrom COAMFTE-required disclosures, entering MA cohorts: San Diego 29–43, Irvine 14–19, Los Angeles 11–20, Sacramento 13–21, Online 111–190 per year (2020–21 through 2025–26).
PrerequisitesGeneral graduate admission: bachelor's from a regionally accredited institution, minimum 3.0 cumulative GPA unless the program states otherwise, two letters of recommendation, a 2–4 page essay, a CV, and an admissions interview where the program requires one. Alliant does not publish MFT-specific prerequisite coursework.
DeadlineRolling — the MA runs on both a semester calendar (fall/spring/summer starts) and an eight-week term calendar, and is "open for enrollment during each of those respective enrollment periods." No fixed application deadline is published.
minimum cumulative GPA of 3.0 on a 4.0 scale unless otherwise stated source →

admissions page ↗

How its graduates did on the Board’s exam

86%passed first time472 of 547 candidates
80%statewide, same window14,096 of 17,698 candidates

Counting every attempt rather than only first attempts, the figure is 81% across 690 sittings here, against 66% statewide. First attempts are the fairer comparison — counting resits measures how many tries people needed rather than how many passed, and it penalises a school whose graduates keep going.

On the separate California Law and Ethics exam, 83% of this school’s 736 first-time candidates passed, against 80% statewide.

Recorded by the Board as Alliant International University (aka CSPP) · Alliant International University (aka US International). Its list is kept by institution and its names lag: a school that has since renamed appears under the name it had when the candidates sat.

What this number is, and what it is not

It describes candidates, not teaching. In 2022 the Council on Social Work Education removed licensing-exam pass rates from its accreditation standards, saying the data “may not be an equitable measure of program outcomes” — after the social-work exam board’s own analysis found first-time pass rates of 84% for white candidates and 45% for Black candidates. A program that enrolls more career-changers and more students of color will post a lower rate while teaching at least as well. The accrediting body with the most reason to want this metric examined it and stopped using it.

The denominator is not this year’s students. These are people who sat the exam during the window, often several years after graduating and sometimes after the program changed shape or owner.

It is published here because it is a real, official figure that is otherwise almost impossible to find — and it is published on this page only. There is no pass-rate column in the directory, nothing is sorted by it, and no school on this site is ranked against another.

July 2018 - December 2024, pooled (13 semiannual BBS reports) · the Board’s published exam results by school →

What the accreditor makes it publish

In the school’s own words, this counts: “Licensure rate is the percentage of graduates from the cohort year that have achieved ANY level of MFT licensure. ... Alliant MFT Notes: Licensure rates include any graduate who achieves ANY level of postgraduate MFT licensure (e.g. associate, provisional, or registered, as applicable per jurisdiction).” — which is worth reading before the numbers, because it is rarely what the column heading suggests.

Irvine / FT

CohortGraduatedReached licensureIn the field
2019-202012 in the cohort58%100%100%
2020-202116 in the cohort69%94%100%
2021-202214 in the cohort93%100%100%
2022-202318 in the cohort83%94%100%
2023-202416 in the cohort94%100%100%

Los Angeles / FT

CohortGraduatedReached licensureIn the field
2019-202020 in the cohort70%95%100%
2020-202120 in the cohort55%94%100%
2021-202218 in the cohort78%87%100%
2022-202315 in the cohort87%93%100%
2023-202411 in the cohort82%100%100%

Online / FT

CohortGraduatedReached licensureIn the field
2019-202075 in the cohort57%90%96%
2020-2021166 in the cohort69%94%96%
2021-2022111 in the cohort48%93%95%
2022-2023139 in the cohort63%95%93%
2023-2024134 in the cohort69%94%90%

Sacramento / FT

CohortGraduatedReached licensureIn the field
2019-202012 in the cohort75%92%100%
2020-202114 in the cohort79%100%100%
2021-202221 in the cohort95%100%100%
2022-202315 in the cohort87%100%100%
2023-202411 in the cohort91%100%88%

San Diego / FT

CohortGraduatedReached licensureIn the field
2019-202035 in the cohort63%94%100%
2020-202139 in the cohort64%94%100%
2021-202243 in the cohort67%87%94%
2022-202333 in the cohort64%100%100%
2023-202429 in the cohort86%100%100%

Graduation is measured against each school’s own advertised length, which across the twelve accredited programs runs from two years to four and a half — so a low figure often means students chose a longer track rather than that they did not finish. Licensure and placement are usually shares of the graduates who answered a survey, not of the cohort. Both are reasons these numbers describe one program over time and cannot be set against another school’s.

The school’s own disclosure → · most recent 5 cohorts shown

What people say about it

Quoted where the wording carries the meaning, linked in every case, opening in a new window. The tags are my reading of each source, not a measurement, and the unflattering ones are here too.

"I am currently enrolled in the online MFT/CFT MA program and I love it... All of the professors seem to care a lot. Most professors teach on campus as well. They have an approved practicum site list that you need to apply and interview for... It is extremely culturally diverse and social justice oriented."GradReports, Alliant — Marriage & Family Therapy (online MA), February 2025positive"I'm in the doctoral MFT PsyD program at the Irvine campus and I love it. The instructors are warm and caring as are my classmates... For reference, I've attended 2 UC's for my BA and Masters."GradReports, Alliant — MFT PsyD, Irvine, January 2024positive"There were serious issues with financial transparency during enrollment that left me misinformed about the true cost of the program... Instruction is minimal to nonexistent... The program feels like a degree mill, disorganized, impersonal, and poorly managed." (This reviewer was in Alliant's MA in Clinical Counseling, not the MFT program.)GradReports, Alliant — MA in Clinical Counseling, August 2025critical"They offer little support, professors don't understand the curriculum (They don't design it), and they are constantly on the verge of losing accreditation. Also, look at their graduation and job prospect rating." (Clinical Psychology program, not MFT.)GradReports, Alliant — Clinical Psychology, August 2025criticalDiscussing Alliant's MFT doctorate, a poster argued the master's is the right stopping point: "If you are interested in doing marriage and family therapy, then you don't need a doctoral degree. I would highly recommend getting a Masters instead and saving on the extra years of tuition."Student Doctor Network, user KillerDiller, 2009mixed"I chose Alliant because they are COAMFTE-accredited, and degree portability was really important to me. My experience through the masters and doctoral MFT programs has not only prepared me to be a therapist, but also to be an advocate for my clients."Nicole Sabatini Gutierrez, MFT MA and PsyD alumna — testimonial published by Alliant itselfpositive

What to ask before you apply

None of these are answered on a program page, and all five change what the degree is actually worth to you.

Where do students actually get placed, and who finds the placement?

The single question that separates programs. Ask for a list of current sites, and ask plainly whether the program places you or expects you to find your own. A rural or online student unable to find a site cannot graduate.

How many of your graduates passed the clinical exam last year?

The Board publishes this by school, so the program cannot be the only source. Ask anyway, and see whether the answer matches.

What is the total cost, including fees, in the year I would start?

Per-unit rates move. Multiply by the actual unit count and add campus fees before comparing anything.

How many relational hours does a typical student leave with?

The 500 couples-and-families hours are carved out of the 1,750 clinical ones, and they are the category associates most often finish short on. A program placing students in adult individual settings will not generate them.

Does this degree also make me eligible for the LPCC?

Sometimes yes, sometimes with extra units, sometimes only in one delivery format. Get it in writing rather than from a brochure.

What I could not establish

Everything above is sourced. These are the things I looked for and could not establish - take them to admissions, and note how quickly and precisely they answer.

  • The URL given in the assignment (alliant.edu/california-school-professional-psychology/marital-family-therapy-ma) returns 404. The live program pages are at alliant.edu/psychology/marital-and-family-therapy/ma and .../ma/curriculum.
  • Alliant's current 2025–26 catalog is behind an AWS bot challenge — preview_program.php and content.php both return an empty challenge page. Course descriptions quoted here come from Alliant's own archived 2022–23 catalog entries, which are still served. Two courses in the current plan of study have changed since then: PSY63173 Parent-Child Therapy is now 3 units (was PSY63170, 2 units) and PSY67562 Psychopharmacology is now 2 units (was PSY67560, 3 units). No current description could be retrieved for either.
  • Irvine is listed on the COAMFTE disclosure pages and in the program manual, but the MA program page's 'Program Offered In' box lists only Los Angeles, Sacramento, San Diego and Online. Could not resolve whether Irvine is still taking new MA students; the Irvine cohort data shows 15 entering in 2024–25 and 19 in 2025–26.
  • The PhD in MFT is described in the 2025–26 manual as "currently in the process of seeking COAMFTE accreditation." The MA and PsyD are accredited.
  • No in-house training clinic could be confirmed. The program manual and an older catalog both reference community-based clinics, but no named Alliant-operated MFT clinic exists in current materials.
  • No MFT-specific GRE policy, GPA cutoff, admit rate or prerequisite coursework list is published; only Alliant's general graduate requirements.
  • College Scorecard reports at the 4-digit CIP level (51.15) and by campus, so the $107,070 median debt figure covers Alliant–San Diego master's completers across mental-health-services programs, not the MFT MA alone.
  • Reddit could not be searched from this environment (blocked), so the discussion sources here are GradReports, Student Doctor Network and Alliant's own disclosures.
Sources for this page (14)
  1. 2025–26 On-ground CFT Program Manual (MA and PhD) — mission, faculty lineage, Master Plan of Study, practicum overview
  2. 2025–26 Online CFT Program Manual (MA and PhD)
  3. CFT Master's-Level Practicum Clinical Training Manual 2025–26
  4. MA in Marital and Family Therapy — program and curriculum page
  5. Alliant tuition and fees, 2026–27 academic year (MFT MA: $1,463/unit on campus, $1,135/unit online)
  6. COAMFTE Graduate Achievement Data — Alliant MA, Los Angeles (cohort sizes, graduation, job placement, licensure rates)
  7. COAMFTE Graduate Achievement Data — Alliant MA, Online
  8. COAMFTE Graduate Achievement Data — Alliant MA, San Diego
  9. Alliant catalog (archived 2022–23) — MA in Marital and Family Therapy program entry, via Wayback
  10. Alliant catalog course descriptions (2022–23 catalog, still live) — e.g. PSY63600 Preparing for Community Practice
  11. Alliant graduate application requirements
  12. Wikipedia — Alliant International University (2015 conversion to a for-profit benefit corporation under Arist Education System / Bertelsmann; January 2026 rebrand to Alliant University; CSPP founded 1969)
  13. GradReports — Alliant University student reviews (161 reviews)
  14. U.S. Dept. of Education College Scorecard — Alliant–San Diego, master's in CIP 51.15: median federal graduate loan debt $107,070 (n=105), median earnings one year out $53,383
Last checked8 August 2026All updates →
Figures current as ofeach institution's own current published catalogCatalogs are republished annually and unit counts move with them.
Published sources onlyKnown gap

Built from what the institution publishes about itself. Nothing here is independently verified.